Maximizing Ink Dispersion Efficiency: Why Zirconia Beads Outperform Alternatives

Introduction

Ink and coating manufacturers know that dispersion quality directly determines product performance. Achieving sub-micron particle sizes requires the right combination of grinding media, equipment, and process parameters. In this article, we explore how zirconia beads compare to alumina and glass beads in terms of grinding efficiency, supported by experimental data.

Why Grinding Media Matters

The grinding media inside a sand mill provides the impact, shear, and friction forces necessary to break pigment agglomerates. Among common media types, zirconia beads stand out for their density (6.0 g/cm³), strength, and durability, delivering faster, cleaner grinding.

Experiment Summary

• Media Tested: Zirconia, Alumina, Glass

• Bead Sizes: 1.0–1.2 mm, 1.6–1.8 mm, 2.2–2.4 mm

• Equipment: Horizontal sand mill, basket mill, ball mill, high-speed stirrer

• Measurement Tool: Laser particle size analyzer

Key Findings

1. Media Type Performance

Zirconia beads achieved pigment particle sizes <1 μm, outperforming alumina (≈2 μm) and glass (≈3 μm).

2. Effect of Bead Diameter

Smaller beads deliver finer dispersion. Zirconia beads of 1.0–1.2 mm reached submicron sizes, while larger beads were less efficient.

3. Equipment Efficiency

Horizontal sand mills outperformed all alternatives, achieving 1.38 μm after two hours, compared to over 12 μm with simple stirrers.

Conclusion

Zirconia beads provide:

• Superior grinding efficiency due to higher density and hardness

• Extended service life compared to glass and alumina

• Minimal contamination, ideal for high-purity inks, coatings, and specialty chemicals

For optimal results:

• Use zirconia beads for high-demand dispersion processes

• Select smaller bead sizes for tighter particle distributions

• Combine with horizontal sand mills for the best performance.

A Typical Horizontal San Mill Using Zirconia Beads

About Stone Peak Technologies

Stone Peak Technologies is proud to be Eastern Canada’s No.1 supplier of zirconia beads. With in-house production of both zirconium oxide and yttrium oxide materials, we maintain full control over quality at every stage. Our premium yttrium-stabilized zirconia beads are engineered to deliver exceptional performance—ensuring zero contamination, reducing operational costs, and extending equipment life. Partner with us to elevate your grinding and dispersion processes with reliable, high-purity solutions.